雅思閱讀詞匯應(yīng)用方面存在的主要問(wèn)題
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1某些詞匯用得過(guò)多
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很多考生在回答問(wèn)題時(shí),總是過(guò)多使用某些詞匯,如連詞and, so, because和but等;話語(yǔ)標(biāo)志詞right, of course和as you know等;形容詞good, beautiful和big等。用得很濫的詞還有動(dòng)詞like和communicate等。深圳啟德教育老師提示實(shí)際上,考生完全可以用其他的詞代替,如用love和enjoy來(lái)適當(dāng)?shù)靥鎿Qlike,復(fù)雜一點(diǎn)的,還可以用prefer…和would rather來(lái)表述.而have a nice talk with, chat, telephone和e-mail完全可以形象而具體地表達(dá)communicate的意思。
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2用詞錯(cuò)誤
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用詞錯(cuò)誤是常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題之一。比如說(shuō),英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人使用of course時(shí),意在引出眾所周知或廣為接受的事情。但在考場(chǎng)上,若考官問(wèn)一位25歲的女士Are you married?這一問(wèn)題時(shí),這位女士可能會(huì)脫口而出地宣布:
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.C: Of course, I am married.(注:C=Candidate,全書(shū)同。)這里的of course就是用詞不當(dāng),因?yàn)橐晃?5歲的女士很可能還是單身呢。這一錯(cuò)誤顯然是受漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的影響而造成的。
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一些錯(cuò)誤的表達(dá):
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·absorbed in her kindness and reliability—一為她的善良和誠(chéng)信所吸引(attracted by her kind-ness and honesty)(注:括號(hào)中為正確表達(dá),下同)·enlarge your eyesight 一一拓寬視野(broaden your vision)·taste the experience—一體驗(yàn)(experience)·touch new things—接觸新事物(have access to / be exposed to new things)這些似是而非的表達(dá)英語(yǔ)*人士聽(tīng)起來(lái)特別生硬,因?yàn)檫@些表達(dá)在他們的口常對(duì)話中是不太可能聽(tīng)到的。又如:
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" C: Many people in China cannot accept rock music.一—很多*人不能接受搖滾音樂(lè)。
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深圳啟德教育老師提示這句中的cannot accept應(yīng)該換成do not like或cannot stand,也可以用understand代替。我們可以說(shuō):I cannot understand her. She is not normally sad.(我不能理解她,她的悲傷不太正常。)一give entertainment—提供娛樂(lè)(provide entertainment)·simple people—一普通人(ordinary people)·popular problem一—常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題(comnnion problem)·funny—一逗樂(lè)(amusing / make someone laugh)這是*考生經(jīng)常用錯(cuò)的一些表達(dá)。究其原因還是考生仍舊沿用漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣去翻譯,或者只是根據(jù)一些整套的英漢詞典的釋義去生搬硬套,而不注意單詞不同的搭配用法(collocation) ,由于漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有詞形變化(詞尾屈折變化),如“學(xué)習(xí)”一詞,不論用作動(dòng)詞還是名詞,都是以同一形式出現(xiàn),而它在英語(yǔ)中的很多情況下都是依賴詞綴變化體現(xiàn)不同的詞性和用法的。因此,*考生經(jīng)常不能準(zhǔn)確地區(qū)分詞性。不能區(qū)分名詞、形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞等的不同用法往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致用詞上的混亂。例如:
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. This is very importance.—這很重要。(This is very important.)·There is a big different between them.—他們之間有一個(gè)很大的不同。(There is a big differ-ence between them.)
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·He's very success.一—他很成功。(He's very successful.) 深圳啟德教育老師提示考生容易因混淆詞性而誤用的單詞有:
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interest (n./v.) ? ? ? ? interested (a.) ? ? ? interesting (a.)success (n.) ? ? ? ? ?succeed (v.) ? ? ? ? ?successful (a.)musician (n.) ? ? ? ? music (n.) ? ? ? ? ? ?musical (a.)fashion (n.) ? ? ? ? ?fashionable (a.) ? ? ?fashionably (ad.)culture (n.) ? ? ? ? ?cultural (a.) ? ? ? ? culturally (ad.)freedom (n.) ? ? ? ? ?free (a.) ? ? ? ? ? ? freely (ad.)protection (n.) ? ? ? protective (a.) ? ? ? protect (v.)importance (n.) ? ? ? important (a.) ? ? ? ?importantly (ad.)nutrition (n.) ? ? ? ?nutritious (a)
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interestingly (ad.)
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successfully (ad.)
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musically (ad.)
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4·重復(fù)使用某一單詞.不會(huì)用非人稱代詞代替名詞很多考生在表達(dá)某一主題時(shí)經(jīng)常只會(huì)重復(fù)使用某一名詞,而不會(huì)用代詞、近義詞、反義詞、上義下義詞及描述性詞匯來(lái)表達(dá)相關(guān)概念,讓人感覺(jué)考生詞匯貧乏,表達(dá)呆板乏味,缺少表現(xiàn)力。例如;
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.C: I like swimming because swimming is very healthy and swimming is fun. I go swimmingwith my family. We go swimming near our home.
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現(xiàn)在用非人稱代詞it代替名詞,并把后兩句合成一句,這樣改一下就好些了:
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.C: I like swimming because it is a very healthy thing to do and it is also fun. I go swimmingwith my family at a pool near our home.
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第二句中重復(fù)使用swimming只是為了表明說(shuō)話人在談?wù)撏粋€(gè)話題。
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考生對(duì)自己的詞匯量和發(fā)音有了信心,自然希望能立即說(shuō)一口流利的英語(yǔ)。這時(shí),新問(wèn)題就出現(xiàn)了,因?yàn)檎莆樟藛卧~的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)并不意味著你能在具體的語(yǔ)境中正確地使用它。深圳啟德教育老師提示雅思口語(yǔ)考試是通過(guò)“說(shuō)話能力’來(lái)考查“詞匯能力”的。“說(shuō)話”時(shí)考生要考慮怎樣展示白己的詞匯能力,例如怎么說(shuō)才不出錯(cuò),怎么說(shuō)才更準(zhǔn)確、得體。
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