為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備2019年成人英語考試,小編為大家整理了2019年成人英語三級考試輔導(dǎo):代名詞不出錯(cuò),希望有助于考生全面系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí)考試!
一期談到代名詞的誤用,特別是代名詞的數(shù)和所指引的主語的數(shù)不符,使得后頭謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)也跟著出差錯(cuò),真是差之毫厘,失之千里,不可不察。
這里要指出一些方向,以避免因代名詞的錯(cuò)誤而使句子的意思模糊不清。
怎樣避免代名詞的錯(cuò)誤呢?
一、不要用同個(gè)代名詞指引兩個(gè)性別一樣的名詞,如:
?、?Mr Li told Mr Lin that he was wrong.
這里的 he 既可指林先生,也可指李先生,含糊不清。應(yīng)該改為 ②或③:
② Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "I am wrong."
?、?Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "You are wrong."
二、避免把代名詞和它所指引的名詞隔開太遠(yuǎn),如:
?、?The man leaned over the bench for hours working on the plan. It was too low to be comfortable.
這里的代詞 it 離開名詞 the bench 太遠(yuǎn),結(jié)果關(guān)系不清楚,因?yàn)樵谖恢蒙?,它更適合指引 the plan.在這種情況下,只好避開 it,而用名詞,即 the bench.
三、避免濫用指示代詞“this, that”或關(guān)系代詞“who, which, that”泛指上文的內(nèi)容。例如:
?、?Tom's brother is an accountant, and this is the profession everyone envies."
這里的 this 指“accountant”?!皶?huì)計(jì)師”是一種專業(yè)人士,和后頭的“專業(yè)”(profession)并不相稱,因此要把 this 改為 accountancy(會(huì)計(jì)工作),才合句子的意思。
?、?The profit from the business was large, which I realised sometime later.
這里的“which I realised sometime later”是句形容詞分句,應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在先行詞后面,不應(yīng)該脫離出來而獨(dú)立。如果要用它來修飾全句話,更不合邏輯,應(yīng)該改為⑦或⑧:
?、?I realised sometime later that the profit from the business was large.(主句 名詞分句)
四、避免用代名詞“they, you, it”影射腦子里的事物,如:
?、?In Singapore, it relies heavily on tourism as a source of national revenue.
這里的 it 指向什么呢?如果是心目中的“”或“旅游促進(jìn)局”,那就要明言,不要用不清不楚的 it:
?、?In Singapore, the government……
11. In Singapore, the Tourist Promotion Board……
12. In less industrialised countries, they do not know the problems of urban development.
這里的代名詞 they 是不是指 the people(人民)?如果是就用吧。In less industrialised countries, the people……過后,要再提這主語時(shí),才用 they:……the people……They are only interested in their daily life.
其實(shí),在這種主語不詳?shù)那闆r下,被動(dòng)語態(tài)是好的選擇:
13. In less industrialised countries, the problems of urban development are not known