考生們在做閱讀時經(jīng)常會有某句話翻譯不通從而造成理解障礙的問題。實(shí)際上閱讀中的很多詞匯用法并非是我們比較熟悉或者想當(dāng)然的那個含義。比如“mine”這個單詞，在學(xué)術(shù)文章中經(jīng)常表示“礦物”而并非‘我的’。 　　因此為了提高大家的閱讀理解質(zhì)量，考生們要學(xué)會掌握某些常見單詞的其他“學(xué)術(shù)”含義。 　　1. in turn 　　大多數(shù)同學(xué)會理解為 “反過來”，認(rèn)為前后語義是對立的，但實(shí)際上閱讀中也可能表示順接關(guān)系，翻譯為“接著會…(發(fā)生)…” 　　The conventional theory is that people yawn when bored or sleepy because yawning raises blood oxygen levels, which in turn raises alertness. 　　2. account for 　　大家背四級單詞時更多的理解為 “(比例上)占…”的含義，實(shí)際上account for還有“解釋，說明……”這個意思。 　　Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes. 　　Scientists will not be able to account for climate changeover the past century until they learn more about the urban heat island. 　　3. precipitation 　　這是個話題詞匯，大多數(shù)文章中翻譯為 “沉淀”，不過也有“降水”的意思。 　　Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. 　　4. game 　　不是游戲哦，在學(xué)術(shù)文章中經(jīng)常用來表達(dá)“野生獵物”這個意思。下次課別再困惑了。 　　They had experienced great difficulty finding game west of the Rockies and not until the second of December did they kill their first elk. 　　5. solution 　　除了“解決方案”，還要知道另一個常見含義“溶液”。這個詞在小作文流程圖寫作中也是一個得分高級詞匯。 　　Mineral deficiencies in many plants can be cured by misting their roots with a nutrient solution or by transferring the plants to a soilless nutrientsolution. 　　6. current 　　又一個*背景詞匯。常見的是形容詞表“當(dāng)下的”，實(shí)際還有“洋流、電流、氣流”等含義。 　　The same thing happens to this day, though on a smaller scale, wherever a sediment-laden river or stream emerges from a mountain valley onto relatively flat land, dropping its load as the current slows: the water usuallyspreads out fanwise,depositing the sediment in the form of a smooth, fan-shaped slope. 　　7. browse 　　家熟知的是“瀏覽”的含義，而實(shí)際上托福閱讀中更常表達(dá)得是“覓食”這個意思。 　　Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salal, dogwood, and almost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding. 　　8. impact 　　除了“影響”，還衍生出“沖擊、撞擊”的意思。這里提醒大家impact指代的影響也常常是負(fù)面含義的影響，大家在寫作中要注意。 　　In view of these facts, scientists hypothesized that a single large asteroid, about 10 to 15 kilometers across, collided with Earth, and the resulting fallout created the boundary clay. Their calculations show that the impact kicked up a dust cloud that cut off sunlight for several months, inhibiting photosynthesis in plants; decreased surface temperatures on continents to below freezing… 　　9. complex 　　作為名詞的時候可以表達(dá)“建筑群”的含義。 　　It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices… 　　10. readily 　　別因?yàn)殚L得像“ready”就是準(zhǔn)備好的意思，這個詞其實(shí)是“容易地”意思。 　　The release of heat energy is retarded by the tallverticalcity walls that do not allow infrared radiation to escape as readily asdoes the relatively level surface of the surrounding countryside. 　　11.evident 　　又一個大家習(xí)慣想當(dāng)然的詞。都說成“證據(jù)”就不對了，還要知道“明顯的”。 　　Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes. 　　12. collectively 　　不能望文生義為“收集地”，還有“共同地”這個釋義較為常見。 　　Eventually, six round forms of handwriting, composed of three pairs of big and little scripts known collectively as the Six Pens, became the standard repertory of every calligrapher. 　　13. evenly 　　別以為“even”加個“-ly”就是甚至的副詞形式，別忘了 “even”本來就是個副詞。這個詞是“均勻地”。 　　Petroleum forms best when organic matter is evenly distributed over … 　　其他常被誤解的單詞 　　sweet water 淡水 (不是“糖水”) 　　confidence man (不是“信得過的人”) 　　criminal lawyer 刑事律師(不是“犯罪的律師”) 　　service station 加油站 　　rest room 廁所(不是“休息室”) 　　sporting house 妓院或賭場(不是“體育室”) 　　horse sense 常識(不是“感覺”) 　　capital idea 好主意(不是“資本思想”) 　　familiar talk 庸俗的交談(不是“熟悉的談話”)