托福寫作怎么提分?教你用三個(gè)簡單方法幫助你增強(qiáng)文章連貫性,首先我們來看下托福獨(dú)立寫作的5分評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn): 相信各位考生對其中一個(gè)要求 “Display unity, progression and coherence” 比較熟悉,但可能還不是十分清楚如何具體地增強(qiáng)內(nèi)容的連貫。本文主要給大家介紹一些常見的銜接手段,幫助大家實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。 一般來說,銜接手段可以分成三個(gè)層次,詞匯銜接 (lexical cohesion)、語法銜接 (grammatical cohesion)、修辭銜接 (rhetorical cohesion)。 ?。ㄒ唬┰~匯銜接 原詞重復(fù) (direct repetition) 、同義詞 (synonyms)、反義詞 (antonyms) 來自于相同語義場 (semantic field) 和詞匯鏈 (lexical chains) 的單詞 使用one/ ones進(jìn)行詞匯替代 (substitution) ?。ǘ┱Z法銜接 指代 (reference): 代詞、冠詞 使用 so/ do/ does/ did 等進(jìn)行從句元素替代 比較級 時(shí)態(tài) ?。ㄈ┬揶o銜接 提問與回答 平行結(jié)構(gòu) (parallelism) 下面我們結(jié)合托福一個(gè)寫作題目和對應(yīng)的高分范文 (highlevel responses) 進(jìn)行講解。 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign countries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Be sure to use your own words. Do not use memorized examples. Source: TOEFL? Test Preparation: The Insider’s Guide 上面這個(gè)題目需要考生思考并比較在本國旅游和在外國旅游各自的好處,然后決定是否同意 “人們在本國旅游獲得的益處比在外國旅游獲得的益處更多” 這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。在這里我們給各位提供選取的高分回答,一、篇來自挪威的Aarcha Z.同學(xué),第二篇來自的*超同學(xué)。 Aarcha 同學(xué)對于題目持有不同意的觀點(diǎn) (Disagree),她認(rèn)為到國外旅游好處更多。以下是她的主旨句 (Thesis Statement) 。 “I think that people benefit more from traveling to foreign countries.” 我們這里節(jié)選她文章其中一個(gè)主體段。 In addition to that, travelling to another country gives you the perfect excuse to learn a new language. For example, I’m planning to go to France next year, and I’ve already started learning basic French with the help of apps on my mobile phone. [Learning a new language] is a wonderful thing, as it not only helps you get around in foreign countries, but also makes you attractive in the job market. If you’re travelling in your own country, you will never truly need to learn a new language, and will therefore miss out on the opportunity that it brings. 分析: 該文段使用的銜接手段主要是: (一)詞匯銜接中的同義詞( 二)語法銜接中的代詞指代 (reference) 首先 “that” 是一個(gè)代詞,指代文中一個(gè)理由 “to experience new sights, cultures and food”; 另外, “another country” 是題目中 “foreign countries” 的另外一種表達(dá)形式; “it” 用來表示 “l(fā)earning a new language” 的意思。全段100個(gè)單詞,出現(xiàn)了4處銜接手段的使用,使得段落內(nèi)容清晰緊密。 超同學(xué)對于題目持有同意的觀點(diǎn) (Agree),他認(rèn)為在國內(nèi)旅游好處更多。以下是他的主旨句 (Thesis Statement) 。
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